https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles Full-stack developer passionate about building modern web applications that solve real-world problems with elegant, user-centered design. en Tue, 03 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/llms-read-write-neural-network-weights https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/llms-read-write-neural-network-weights A research review of LLMs interpreting, writing, and editing neural-network weights, including the reported Qwen result, its limits, and an animated SVD guide to low-rank updates. Tue, 03 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Large Language Models https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/how-llms-really-work https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/how-llms-really-work Follow a language model from tokenization through Transformer attention, next-token prediction, training, and inference—and understand what it can and cannot know. Mon, 02 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Transformers Systems https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/rpc-remote-procedure-calls-explained https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/rpc-remote-procedure-calls-explained Learn what an RPC is, how a local-looking function call crosses a network, and how serialization, deadlines, retries, and failures change the design. Mon, 02 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT Backend Engineering Distributed Systems API Design Networking https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/why-grpc-uses-http2 https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/why-grpc-uses-http2 See how gRPC maps calls, messages, metadata, and status onto HTTP/2, why multiplexing and streaming matter, and where the transport still has limits. Mon, 02 Nov 2026 00:00:00 GMT gRPC HTTP Distributed Systems Networking https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/http-internals-evolution-http1-http2-http3-quic https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/http-internals-evolution-http1-http2-http3-quic A deep dive into HTTP transport mechanics, framing layers, multiplexing, head-of-line blocking, and the UDP migration behind HTTP/3 QUIC. Mon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Networking Protocols HTTP Performance Distributed Systems https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/linux-system-internals-io-multiplexing-select-poll-epoll https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/linux-system-internals-io-multiplexing-select-poll-epoll Understand Linux file descriptors and readiness notifications, then compare select, poll, and epoll and learn when each event-notification API fits. Mon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Linux Operating Systems Systems Programming Concurrency Architecture https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/tcp-internals-socket-buffers-sliding-windows-tuning https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/tcp-internals-socket-buffers-sliding-windows-tuning How the Linux kernel manages TCP connections: socket queues, sliding windows, flow control, congestion avoidance, and high-throughput tuning. Mon, 26 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Networking TCP Linux Systems Programming Reliability https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/api-evolution-and-safe-migrations https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/api-evolution-and-safe-migrations Reduce API and database migration risk with staged compatibility, bounded backfills, measured validation, and an explicit deprecation plan. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT API Design Architecture Reliability https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/b-trees-and-lsm-trees https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/b-trees-and-lsm-trees Follow a write from memory to disk, then compare read paths, write amplification, compaction, and the workloads each storage design favors. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Databases Storage Data Structures https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/cache-invalidation-and-stampedes https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/cache-invalidation-and-stampedes Understand cache-aside behavior, stale data windows, stampede control, and how to recover when the cache or source of truth fails. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Databases Caching Reliability https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/database-partitioning-sharding-consistent-hashing https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/database-partitioning-sharding-consistent-hashing Design data placement for growth: compare range and hash partitioning, understand consistent hashing's limits, and plan safe rebalancing, hot-key mitigation, and cross-shard queries. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Databases Distributed Systems Scalability https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/distributed-rate-limiter https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/distributed-rate-limiter Compare token buckets and sliding windows, then reason about shared state, atomic admission, failure policy, and operational safeguards. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT System Design Distributed Systems APIs https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/idempotency-and-retries https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/idempotency-and-retries Design retryable APIs by pairing idempotency keys with durable request records, explicit states, bounded retention, and honest delivery guarantees. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Distributed Systems API Design Reliability https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/mediasoup-sfu-architecture https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/mediasoup-sfu-architecture Learn mediasoup's server-side media model, how applications signal peers, and how publications become subscribed media streams. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT WebRTC mediasoup SFU Node.js https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/multi-tenant-saas-isolation https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/multi-tenant-saas-isolation Compare shared and dedicated tenant resources, trace tenant identity through a request, and design isolation boundaries that hold under load and failure. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT System Design Multi-Tenancy Security https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/mvcc-isolation-serializable-transactions https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/mvcc-isolation-serializable-transactions Understand multi-version concurrency control, read and write conflicts, snapshot-isolation anomalies, serializable execution, and the operational costs of long-running transactions. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Databases Transactions Reliability https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/sfu-vs-mcu-group-video-architecture https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/sfu-vs-mcu-group-video-architecture Compare peer mesh, selective forwarding, and server-side media composition across bandwidth, latency, compute cost, and product requirements. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT WebRTC SFU MCU System Design https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/webrtc-signaling-ice-and-media https://adshkumar.is-a.dev/articles/webrtc-signaling-ice-and-media Understand what WebRTC provides, what an application must build, and how SDP, ICE, DTLS, and SRTP fit into a peer connection. Sun, 25 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT WebRTC Real-Time Communications Networking